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KMID : 0352519850220010385
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Korea Univercity Medical Journal
1985 Volume.22 No. 1 p.385 ~ p.395
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A Immunohistochemical Study of Term Placenta in Toxemic Pregnancy
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黃仁奎/Whang, In Kyoo
金善行/洪性鳳/Kim, Sun haing/Hong, Sung bong
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Abstract
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Nowadays, it is generally accepted that immunological mechanisms are relevant in the materno-fetal relationship. And the abnormal deviation of maternal immune response to paternally derived or organ specific antigens is proposed as the pathogenesis of toxemia. The primary site of antigen-antibody reaction will be the choriodecidual junction because it is the area of direct contact and exchange between mother and feto-placental unit.
Therefore this investigation has focused on the term placenta of toxemic women and demonstrated more heavier deposits of IgG, IgM, and fibrinogen in the villi of toxemic placenta than that of normal placenta by the treatment of deparaffinized specimen with anti-immunoglobulins antiserum and avidin-biotinylated peroxidase. The most striking reactions were produced by anti-IgG, anti-IgM, and anti-fibrinogen antiserum in this series.
The followings are more detailed results.
1. Anti-IgG antiserum routinely reacted within the syncytiotrophoblast, the peripheral surface of the chorionic villi, as segmental or linear fashion.
The staining was not seen in all villi and the pattern was granular or smooth with some areas of villi being more intensively stained than others. The degree and extent of staining were more dense and wide-spread in the placenta of toxemia than that of normal.
2. Anti-IgA antiserum reacted weakly and focally along with the surface of villi as segmental fashion. No difference of staining was noted between toxemic and normal placenta.
3. One of the most striking reaction was produced by anti-IgM antiserum.
The pattern and distribution of staining were similar to anti-IgG antiserum treated specimen. There was noticeable difference in the degree and extent of staining between the placenta of toxemia and normal.
4. Generally, anti-complement(C₃) antiserum reacted weakly and focally. This finding stressed the immunological concept of toxemia.
5. One of the prominent reaction was also produced by anti-fibrinogen antiserum. The densely and homogeneously- stained areas along the peripheral surface of the chorionic villi were impressive. The widely spreaded staining areas were also noted in the intervillous spaces and fibrinoid (degeneration) areas which was connected to trophoblastic basement membrane as interrupted fashion.
The degree and extent of staining produced by anti-fibrinogen antiserum had the most striking difference between the placenta of toxemia and normal.
Above results may allow the conclusion that the more intense immunohistologic or histochemical changes in the placenta of toxemic pregnancy imply that toxemia has definite immunologic background different from that of normal pregnancy.
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KEYWORD
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